Background: Traditional endodontic treatment techniques can be replaced with cell therapy in regenerative endodontics. Regenerative endodontic therapy with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) embedded inside an artificial scaffold was the focus of this systematic review.

Materials and methods: Studies from January 2013 to December 2021 were extracted using four databases (PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Science Direct).

Results: Seven studies evaluated the efficacy of various scaffolds and growth medium in pulpal regeneration utilizing umbilical cord stem cells. Numerous scaffolds were used, including Platelet-Poor Plasma scaffolds (PPP), alginate hydrogels containing transforming growth factor beta (TGF), Gelatin methacrylate hydrogels (GeIMA), Peptide hydrogel scaffolds, Liquid extract of human treated dentin matrix (LE-TDM) matrix and extracellular matrix incorporated into hydrogels, and Tooth germ cell conditioned medium (TGC-CM).

Conclusion: According to the findings, UC-MSCs encapsulated in a PPP matrix provide a unique, safe, and highly successful approach for regenerative endodontics, whereas other scaffolds and cultures demonstrated only minimal regeneration of the pulp. However, further randomized clinical trials with standardized protocols are necessary to validate their widespread clinical application.