The manuscript should not be (or have been) submitted to any other Journal. No actions should have been made or to be made to submit the manuscript to any other Journal, fully or in part, retrospectively, currently or prospectively or in any form or language. The authors should declare in the signed cover letter that their manuscript has only been submitted to this Journal. However, in certain situations, secondary publication of a major work may be justified but must be declared on submission or notified during the review process or after publishing.

The submitted work should be the result of the original work of the authors who also be transparent on re-using materials for planned future works to avoid self-plagiarism. The Editorial Office uses Turnitin or any other services to check for plagiarism.

A unified study may not be split up to produce multiple publications, unless the original work is huge or the result of a major research project that has multidisciplinary aspects or various distinct topics for publication.

The authors should show integrity and transparency when presenting their results. The Journal does not accept any form of fabrication or falsification of results or data manipulation. The authors may be requested to provide the original raw data to verify the validity of the attained results.

Authors should adhere completely to anti-plagiarism in manuscript write up. Acknowledging the citing the work of others is a must before manuscript submission.

The authors should acknowledge all technical and financial support that assisted in conducting the study, data management and / or manuscript production. In this regard, specific details or roles of the supportive personnel should be declared. It is the responsibility of the authors to have the permission (or to be properly licensed) for using any software, questionnaires, scales or similar materials and tools if they were not developed "in-house".

When using materials copied from other published works, including images and illustrations, it is the responsibility of the authors to seek and acknowledge the approval of the work’s original owners.

Any work conducted on human participants (including questionnaires or surveys) must be conducted according to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Furthermore, research involving humans or animals need the approval of the relevant ethics body. The name of the approving body and the approval number should be clearly stated and declared in the Materials and Methods section. However, Journal may refrain from publishing works where harms greatly outweigh benefits or where applying the results of the study pose some threat to the public health or national security, even with the presence of a relevant ethics approval. The corresponding author is responsible for the correct details and order of the authors. Any changes to that after submission may not be allowed without details explanation and justification. Changes to authorship is not allowed after manuscript acceptance.

If a major error is discovered by the authors after full publication of the research output, the authors are obliged to contact the Journal and address the concern. The decision taken for addressing the error depends on its nature. The authors should accept that correcting a fundamental error may in certain cases lead to retracting the publication.

Informed Consent and participants details

Research participants have the rights to have their personal details and collected data and materials protected. They also have the rights to take own decision in relation to any information, data, images or radiographs they provide as they take part in research studies. Special rights are given to images taken for minors, patients, refugees and disadvantaged people. Therefore, such rights are protected with written consents. It is the responsibility of the researchers to maintain the confidentiality of any data or materials obtained from their research participants.

To protect the rights of the participants, any research study involving human participants requires the researchers to obtain written informed consents from their participants. Signing a written consent is preceded by providing all information and details about what the participants will do as they take part in the study including potential risks and complications. Participants should be given opportunity to freely enquire about any step or detail in the study and given full details accordingly.

Authors should provide evidence that they obtained informed consent if they were required to do so by the editor.

If any details of participants are being used within the manuscript, anonymity should be ensured. If participant photographic images are used, in addition to disguising the eye region, the authors may be asked to provide special consent from those participants for the use of their images in the publication.

Conflict of interest

A conflict of interest happens when the researchers or authors have financial, legal or professional relationships with their employers, sponsors, Journal’s editor, editorial board team or reviewers that could influence the research, review process or publication.

To ascertain transparency, the authors should declare any conflict of interest of any kind submitting the paper. The editor or the review panel will assess the impact of the conflict of interest and take a decision accordingly. In certain circumstances, a decision of not publishing the work may be made on the basis of the disclosure.

Copyright policy

The corresponding author should submit a signed ( Copyright Form ) confirming that the submitted manuscript in not submitted, published, or accepted for publication anywhere else and by transfer the copyright of the work through the Journal to the publisher. The publishing agreement dictates what all parties can do with the article once it has been published.

Editorial Office Contact Details

For queries about submissions, please contact  jjd@just.edu.jo