Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder that commonly affects the oral cavity.  OLP predominantly affects middle-aged adults, with a slight female predilection. The pathogenesis involves a T-cell-mediated autoimmune response, though the exact aetiology remains unclear. Clinically, OLP presents with characteristic bilateral, symmetrical lesions, often exhibiting a reticular pattern with Wickham's striae. Other forms include erosive, atrophic, bullous, and plaque-like variants. Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, histopathology, and direct immunofluorescence. Effective management of LP involves a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing patient education on the chronic nature of the disease, potential triggers, and the importance of regular follow-up to monitor for complications, including the risk of malignant transformation, albeit small. This review of the literature provides a comprehensive overview of OLP, covering its aetiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and the latest knowledge and tools to better diagnose, treat, and manage OLP, aiming to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.